What you'll need to know...
KEY CONCEPT - How different places become interconnected by global interactions
An overview of contemporary global networks and flows:
• global trade in materials, manufactured goods and services
• an overview of international aid, loans and debt relief
• international remittances from economic migrants
• illegal flows, such as trafficked people, counterfeit goods and narcotics
Foreign Direct Investment (FDI) and outsourcing by transnational corporations (TNCs), and ways in which this networks places and markets
• Two contrasting detailed examples of TNCs and their global strategies and supply chains
Synthesis, evaluation and skills opportunities
The relative importance of different flows, and the suitability of different methods for graphically representing flows and interactions
An overview of contemporary global networks and flows:
• global trade in materials, manufactured goods and services
• an overview of international aid, loans and debt relief
• international remittances from economic migrants
• illegal flows, such as trafficked people, counterfeit goods and narcotics
Foreign Direct Investment (FDI) and outsourcing by transnational corporations (TNCs), and ways in which this networks places and markets
• Two contrasting detailed examples of TNCs and their global strategies and supply chains
Synthesis, evaluation and skills opportunities
The relative importance of different flows, and the suitability of different methods for graphically representing flows and interactions
Global Trade in Materials, Manufactured Goods & Services...
Trade in Goods
Task 1 - Click here to be taken to the OECD (remember the work from the previous module) page on Global Trade. Define (simply) 'Trade in Goods'.
Task 1 - Click here to be taken to the OECD (remember the work from the previous module) page on Global Trade. Define (simply) 'Trade in Goods'.
Task 2 - Using a copy of the graph above, describe the global pattern in the trade of goods. Make reference to G7, G20 and a comparison between the E.U and PRC.
Trade in Services
Task 3 - Using this OECD website page, define 'Trade in Services'.
Trade in Services
Task 3 - Using this OECD website page, define 'Trade in Services'.
Task 4 - Using a copy of the graph above, describe the global pattern in the trade of services. Make reference to G7, G20 and a comparison between the E.U and PRC.
Task 5 - State the trade that has greater financial importance globally.
Raw Materials
Task 6 - Watch the video below and take notes on how trade in raw materials is important for economic growth and how restrictive export policies can negatively impact development in mineral-rich economies
Task 5 - State the trade that has greater financial importance globally.
Raw Materials
Task 6 - Watch the video below and take notes on how trade in raw materials is important for economic growth and how restrictive export policies can negatively impact development in mineral-rich economies
Task 7 - Have a play with the interactive map below. This shows countries who produce, have reserves of and export a variety of raw materials. Choose the raw material from the menu on the top right hand side to see the spatial distribution and amount produced by each country.
Task 8 - Power Struggle. Watch both of the videos below. Take notes on why the tariffs have been imposed by the USA on aluminium and steel imports and what the retaliatory measures have been by those affected.
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An overview of international aid, loans and debt relief...
International Aid
Task 1 - Define International Aid, Bilateral Aid and Multilateral Aid.
Task 2 - Watch the video above and make notes on the content.
Task 3 - Now click on the current news story below, print out and highlight the key information within. Focus on the reasons why Trump feels that Pakistan 'no longer deserves' this US aid.
Task 1 - Define International Aid, Bilateral Aid and Multilateral Aid.
Task 2 - Watch the video above and make notes on the content.
Task 3 - Now click on the current news story below, print out and highlight the key information within. Focus on the reasons why Trump feels that Pakistan 'no longer deserves' this US aid.
International Loans
Task 4 - Watch the first video beneath and take notes on why the IMF (remember this from previous lessons) lends money. Give examples of the factors that require countries to ask for assistance.
Task 5 - If you have been reading the news recently (Sep 2018), you will have seen that there are considerable problems in Argentina. Click on the link below to access a recent story linking to international loans. Print out and highlight or take notes on the issues contained within (causes and effects).
Task 4 - Watch the first video beneath and take notes on why the IMF (remember this from previous lessons) lends money. Give examples of the factors that require countries to ask for assistance.
Task 5 - If you have been reading the news recently (Sep 2018), you will have seen that there are considerable problems in Argentina. Click on the link below to access a recent story linking to international loans. Print out and highlight or take notes on the issues contained within (causes and effects).
Debt Relief
Task 6 - Watch the video beneath and make notes on the benefits of debt relieft programmes.
Task 7 - Outline briefly the HIPC initiative. This page will help you.
Task 8 - Read this article carefully and comment on the spatial distribution (place) of countries that have received substantial debt relief.
Task 6 - Watch the video beneath and make notes on the benefits of debt relieft programmes.
Task 7 - Outline briefly the HIPC initiative. This page will help you.
Task 8 - Read this article carefully and comment on the spatial distribution (place) of countries that have received substantial debt relief.
International remittances from economic migrants...
Task 1 - Watch the video below to recap on what remittances are and why they are vital to economies around the world. Now study the map below to get an overview of the countries that rely on remittance income. The really famous example of this is USA - Mexico transfer of money but as you can see, it is by no means the only example. Why and where does 31% of the Nepalese GDP come through remittances?
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Click on this link to be taken to an interactive remittances map (2016). It is set to default to show the payments to/from the USA but using the drop down menu, you can change the country. For IST students, choose France to see the transfer of money to and from the country.
Task 2 - Using a screen shot of the map above (interactive version here) describe the spatial pattern of remittance inflow (as a % of GDP). Now using the link above, choose your home country take screen shots of inflows and outflows and explain the key patterns of remittance flows. Can you spot any major flows that have historical or geographic significance?
Illegal Flows...
You will be completing this piece of work as a group presentation exercise. Each person / group will be given one of the following four illegal flows to study and research.
Please use the evidence board below to produce a 5 minute presentation along with a 1 sided A4 factsheet about the allocated illegal flow.
Please use the evidence board below to produce a 5 minute presentation along with a 1 sided A4 factsheet about the allocated illegal flow.
Case Study 1 - Narcotics - El Naya - Cocaine Highway to the USA
Case Study 2 - People Smugglers Africa to Europe
Case Study 3 - Counterfeit Trainers into USA
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Case Study 4 - Illegal Animal Trade
FDI & outsourcing by transnational corporations (TNCs)...
What is 'Foreign Direct Investment - FDI'?
Foreign direct investment (FDI) is an investment made by a firm or individual in one country into business interests located in another country. Generally, FDI takes place when an investor establishes foreign business operations or acquires foreign business assets, including establishing ownership or controlling interest in a foreign company.
What is 'Outsourcing'?
Outsourcing is the business practice of hiring a party outside a company to perform services and create goods that traditionally were performed in-house by the company's own employees and staff. Usually done as a cost-cutting measure, it can affect jobs ranging from customer support to manufacturing to the back office.
(Source: https://www.investopedia.com/terms/f/fdi.asp#ixzz5SKrPtC2Y)
Foreign direct investment (FDI) is an investment made by a firm or individual in one country into business interests located in another country. Generally, FDI takes place when an investor establishes foreign business operations or acquires foreign business assets, including establishing ownership or controlling interest in a foreign company.
What is 'Outsourcing'?
Outsourcing is the business practice of hiring a party outside a company to perform services and create goods that traditionally were performed in-house by the company's own employees and staff. Usually done as a cost-cutting measure, it can affect jobs ranging from customer support to manufacturing to the back office.
(Source: https://www.investopedia.com/terms/f/fdi.asp#ixzz5SKrPtC2Y)
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Case Study - Apple - "Designed by Apple in California, Assembled in China"
Primary Resource - From Mac World 17 Feb 2017
Starter 1 - Watch the 'Made in the World' YouTube video beneath and pay extra attention to the mobile phone section. Then watch the Economist video too.
Starter 2: What it outsourcing? Watch the first two videos and make notes on causes and effects of outsourcing on an HICs such as the USA.
Task 1. Outline the main features of an iPhone or iPad. What makes them so different to the competition (Android, HTC etc)? You might want to watch some of the Apple promo video here
Task 2. Outline the reasons for iPad and iPhone production in China. Why has Apple manufacturing been internationally outsourced from the USA? Use this resource to help you.
Task 3. What are the social and economic issues (positive and negative) associated with the global Apple production process? Watch this CNN news report
Task 4 - Responses to outsourcing by Donald Trump. Click on this Sep 2018 Vox article to read about the issues caused by USA's trade war on Apple. Make notes on the content and what Trump is hoping Apple will eventually do.
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TNCs and their global strategies and supply chains...
Two detailed case studies are required here of two contrasting TNC's including their global strategy and supply chains. For this unit of work, we will be splitting into two groups and analysing both Apple (USA) and McDonald's (USA).
Starter Task
Define: TNC
Define: Global Strategy
Define: Supply Chain
Task 1 - Split into two groups. One group will be researching Apple and the other, McDonald's. Both are well known TNC's and the chances are that you are consumers of their product range.
Use the video evidence wall beneath to build up a picture of the history of the company, their global/local strategy as well as their supply chains. You are going to produce a 5-10 minute presentation to give to your peers using PowerPoint, Prezzie etc.
Slide 1 - Introduction / logo / group details / quote about the TNC
Slide 2 - Brief history and major product release dates
Slide 3 - Global / local strategies
Slide 4 - Supply chains
Slide 5 - 4P's summary
Slide 6 - Connecting people and places.
Slide 7 - Synthesis - links with one other area of the IB DP Geog course.
The final slide should be in the 4P's format and include relevant information relating to each section as well as a clear example of how the company connects places (map, flow chart etc).
Starter Task
Define: TNC
Define: Global Strategy
Define: Supply Chain
Task 1 - Split into two groups. One group will be researching Apple and the other, McDonald's. Both are well known TNC's and the chances are that you are consumers of their product range.
Use the video evidence wall beneath to build up a picture of the history of the company, their global/local strategy as well as their supply chains. You are going to produce a 5-10 minute presentation to give to your peers using PowerPoint, Prezzie etc.
Slide 1 - Introduction / logo / group details / quote about the TNC
Slide 2 - Brief history and major product release dates
Slide 3 - Global / local strategies
Slide 4 - Supply chains
Slide 5 - 4P's summary
Slide 6 - Connecting people and places.
Slide 7 - Synthesis - links with one other area of the IB DP Geog course.
The final slide should be in the 4P's format and include relevant information relating to each section as well as a clear example of how the company connects places (map, flow chart etc).
