What you need to know in unit 6.3...
6.3.1 Types of migrant: economic migrant, asylum seeker and refugee.
6.3.2 Causes of migration, to include push and pull factors.
6.3.3 The impacts of migration on the migrant, their country of origin and the destination country.
6.3.4 An evaluation of the strategies and techniques used to manage international migration.
6.3.5 One detailed specific example to include:
• push and pull factors of a named international migration (named to include the country of origin and destination country)
• the impacts of the migration (on the migrants, their country of origin and the destination country)
• how the migration is managed; including sustainable
6.3.2 Causes of migration, to include push and pull factors.
6.3.3 The impacts of migration on the migrant, their country of origin and the destination country.
6.3.4 An evaluation of the strategies and techniques used to manage international migration.
6.3.5 One detailed specific example to include:
• push and pull factors of a named international migration (named to include the country of origin and destination country)
• the impacts of the migration (on the migrants, their country of origin and the destination country)
• how the migration is managed; including sustainable
6.3.1 Types of migrant: economic migrant, asylum seeker and refugee...
|
|
|
🌍 Main Types of Migrants
- Economic Migrants
- People who move voluntarily for work, higher wages, or better living standards.
- Example: Workers moving from Eastern Europe to Western Europe for jobs.
- Refugees
- People forced to leave their country due to persecution, war, or violence.
- Protected under international law (1951 Refugee Convention).
- Asylum Seekers
- Individuals who apply for refugee status but whose cases are still being decided.
Task 1 - Using the two videos, and the brief explanations above, conduct some research into the three different examples above.
Create a short fact file for each with real life examples of these types of migrants. However, don't search too hard! If you are studying Geography in an international school, there's a very good chance that your parents fit into one of the three categories above!
Not always welcome!
🌍 Why are asylum seekers and refugees controversial in countries like the UK?
🌍 However....
ii. diversity
iii. culture
Create a short fact file for each with real life examples of these types of migrants. However, don't search too hard! If you are studying Geography in an international school, there's a very good chance that your parents fit into one of the three categories above!
Not always welcome!
🌍 Why are asylum seekers and refugees controversial in countries like the UK?
- Numbers increasing → More people are arriving due to wars (e.g. Syria, Ukraine) and hardship (e.g. climate, poverty). This creates pressure on housing and services.
- Public concern → Some people feel migrants take jobs, strain schools, hospitals, and housing. Others are worried about security or cultural change.
- Politics and media → The issue is often debated in government and highlighted by the press, which can create strong opinions.
- Local impacts → In places like Liverpool (see video below), protests have happened when asylum seekers were housed in hotels. Some local people objected, but others supported the refugees, leading to tensions.
🌍 However....
- Humanitarian view → Refugees are protected under international law. Many in the UK argue they should be welcomed for safety, human rights, and the benefits they bring including:
ii. diversity
iii. culture
Task 2 - Above, is a very cleverly made video that shows one year in the life of a young girl from London, imagining that a war erupted in her home city, much like the situation in Syria and in Ukraine. Watch the video.
What are your thoughts on the video?
What is the main message?
Optional Project Work - Famous Refugees
Click on this link to be taken to a four lesson project on famous refugees who have arrived in a country and gone on to great success. The outcome will be an A2 display with your research and photos using the resources on this page. You can see two examples from Covid times below!
|
|
6.3.2 Causes of migration, to include push and pull factors...
Starter - We often think of migration as being a modern phenomenen that has been caused by globalization and improvements in transport technology. However, human migration has been going on for a long, long time! Check out the video below from Business Insider that traces ancient human migrations over time! Note where the first homo sapiens originated from.
Task 3 - Click on the worksheet below to complete a brief activity looking a voluntary and involuntary migration. This links in with what you learned in the section above about the three types of migrants.
Task 4 - Complete this worksheet focusing on migration push and full factors.
Task 5 - Watch a short segment of the recent remake of West Side Story 'America' (below).
You will see two conflicting views on the USA. The women are idealistic (pros - pull factors to USA) and the men are realistic (cons - push them back from New York to San Juan in Puerto Rico).
Study the lyrics and then complete this worksheet.
|
|
From Wikipedia: Inspired by William Shakespeare's play Romeo and Juliet, the story is set in the mid-1950s in the Upper West Side of Manhattan in New York City, then a multiracial, blue-collar neighborhood. The musical explores the rivalry between the Jets and the Sharks, two teenage street gangs of different ethnic backgrounds. The Sharks, immigrants from Puerto Rico, are taunted by the Jets, whites, as the gangs vie for dominance of the neighborhood, and the police try to keep order. The young protagonist, Tony, a former member of the Jets and best friend of the gang's leader, Riff, falls in love with Maria, the sister of Bernardo, the leader of the Sharks. The dark theme, sophisticated music, extended dance scenes, tragic love story, and focus on social problems marked a turning point in musical theatre.
|
6.3.3 The impacts of migration on the migrant, their country of origin and the destination country...
Study the embedded Google Street View. You are in Manchester, a large city in the North West of England. Manchester was famous for producing cotton cloth and textiles during the Industrial Revolution, and more recently you have probably heard of it for its two famous football teams (Manchester Utd & Manchester City), as well as some famous groups like Oasis and The Smiths!
Task 6 - Spend a little time virtually wandering up Oxford Road. This area has been nicknamed 'Curry Mile', but you will see far more evidence of migration from other parts of the world. How many countries can you see represented in this small area of Manchester?
Task 6 - Spend a little time virtually wandering up Oxford Road. This area has been nicknamed 'Curry Mile', but you will see far more evidence of migration from other parts of the world. How many countries can you see represented in this small area of Manchester?
Task 7 - Now complete the worksheet about the impacts of migration by clicking on the tab below.
6.3.4 An evaluation of the strategies and techniques used to manage international migration...
International migration brings both opportunities and challenges, which is why governments try to manage it carefully. Countries need to balance the benefits migrants bring, such as filling jobs and adding cultural diversity, with concerns over pressure on housing, services, and social cohesion. Different regions and nations use different approaches:
These examples show how migration management varies worldwide depending on political priorities and national circumstances.
- in Europe, the Schengen Area allows free movement of people across many countries without border checks, making migration easier within the EU.
- By contrast, countries like Australia use a points-based system, selecting migrants according to skills, age, and education to match their economic needs.
- Some governments also take measures to reduce undocumented migration; for example, France has recently paid for tickets for undocumented migrants to voluntarily return to their home countries.
These examples show how migration management varies worldwide depending on political priorities and national circumstances.
|
|
|
|
Task 8 - Watch the first two videos above in full, and the third video up to 5:30. Create a fact file on a new document focusing on how each of the three places tries to control international migration. Include a section at the end of each fact file evaluating the success of the policies.
6.3.5 One detailed specific example...
Traditionally in Geography, the focus for international migration has been on the movement of Mexicans to the United States of America. However, in 2020's, this only part of the story. To start with, we will study the 'traditional' case study (Mexico to USA) and then update our knowledge with where these migrants come from nowadays and the push factors that are making them flee their homes in search of a better life in the 'Land of the free'.
Part 1 - Mexico to the USA (historic context)
Work your way through each of the tasks in the booklet below.
Task 9 - Tasks 1 - 9 on the worksheet are based on the two part video below called 'Walls of Shame'. Complete these as the video plays.
Part 1 - Mexico to the USA (historic context)
Work your way through each of the tasks in the booklet below.
Task 9 - Tasks 1 - 9 on the worksheet are based on the two part video below called 'Walls of Shame'. Complete these as the video plays.
Part 2 - Update Our Knowledge (Honduras & Guatemala).
Firstly, spend 5 minutes reading this November 2023 article from the BBC News.
Now spend six and a half minutes watching the Vox video below to find out about one of the reasons why so many are fleeing places like Guatemala and Honduras to travel to the USA to claim asylum.
Task 10 - Complete Task 10 in your booklet - This will require you to research developmental data for both countries. For the murder rate / 100,000 people, check out this link.
Note task 12 & 15 in your work booklet will require the use of this site. You can also check out the info below.
Impacts on US (positive and negative)
- Illegal migration costs the USA millions of dollars for border patrols and prisons
- South & Central American migrants can be seen as a drain on the USA economy
- Migrant workers keep wages low which can affect Americans
- The migrants may be a source of conflict in cities due cultural and racial issues
- South / Central American migrants benefit the US economy by working for low wages
- South / Central American culture has enriched the US border states with food, language and music
- The incidents of TB has been increasing greatly due to the increased migration
Impacts on South / Central America (positive and negative)
- Rural areas of South / Central America have a shortage of economically active people
- Many men emigrate leaving a majority of women who have trouble finding marriage partners
- Young people tend to migrate leaving the old and the very young
- Legal and illegal immigrants together send $billions a year back home
- Certain villages south of the border have lost up to 2/3 of their inhabitants
So, you have seen how the USA have traditionally tried to manage migration into the USA from Mexico and Central America (walls, border control, drones, etc.). However, how sustainable is it to only focus on the border of the USA / Mexico itself? How can Mexico play a bigger role in preventing the migrants from countries further south from arriving in the country and then traveling north to the USA border?
Task 11 - Watch the 14-minute VOX video below, and create 5 key takeaways from the video, together with an evaluation of how sustainable this management method is.
Task 11 - Watch the 14-minute VOX video below, and create 5 key takeaways from the video, together with an evaluation of how sustainable this management method is.
